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align="center"> <table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=10 width="100%" border=0><tr> <td valign=top bgcolor=#ffffff class=textenoir><p><font color="259F16" size="5" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="#" onClick="window.open('../d/images/tortbig1.jpg','Photo26','toolbar=0,location=0,directories=0,status=0,scrollbars=0,resizable=0,menuBar=0,width=366,height=530,left=100,top=0');"><img src="../d/images/tortlittle2.jpg" align="right" hspace="10" border="0"></a>Patrick Tort</font><br><b><b>Docteur dtat s Lettres, Philosophe, Linguiste, pistmologue, Historien des sciences biologiques et humaines.<br /> Laurat de l'Acadmie des sciences.<br /> Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres.</b><br /> Il a cr et dirige <b>lInstitut Charles Darwin International (ICDI)</b></b><br></p><a name="ecrits"></a><table width="440" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="259F16" class="pablanc" height="15"><tr> <td><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="5" height="1"><b>Ses &eacute;crits pour Futura-Sciences</b></td></tr></table><br><p><a href="../d/dossier210-1.php" class="actu2"><font size="1">PHILOSOPHIE | 31 janvier 2003</font><br><b>La renaissance providentialiste - Sciences, sectes et religion  </b><img src="../includes/img/lire.gif" width="50" height="8" border="0"></a></p>     <p><a href="../d/dossier143-1.php" class="actu2"><font size="1">PHILOSOPHIE | 20 septembre 2002</font><br><b>Rinstruire et Partager</b><img src="../includes/img/lire.gif" width="50" height="8" border="0"></a></p>     <br><a name="bio"></a><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="259F16" class="pablanc" height="15" align="left"><tr> <td><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="5" height="1"><b>Biographie</b></td></tr></table><br><br>PATRICK TORT, Agrg de lUniversit, Docteur dtat s Lettres, Philosophe, Linguiste, pistmologue, Historien des sciences biologiques et humaines, est lauteur dune quarantaine de livres. <br /> <br /> Il est le crateur de <i>lAnalyse des complexes discursifs,</i>nouvelle mthodologie pour lhistoire des systmes de pense. <br /> <br /> <b>Laurat de lAcadmie des Sciences</b> pour son <i>Dictionnaire du darwinisme et de lvolution</i> <br /> <br /> <b>Prix Philip Morris 2000 dHistoire des Sciences</b> pour lensemble de son uvre, <br /> <br /> <b>Chevalier des Arts et des Lettres,</b> il a cr et dirige<b> lInstitut Charles Darwin International (ICDI)</b><br /> <br /> Il dirige aux ditions Syllepse, avec la collaboration de Michel Prum et dune quipe universitaire, la traduction franaise et ldition savante en 35 volumes de lintgrale des<i> uvres de Darwin</i> Ce travail devrait stendre tout au long du premier quart du XXIe sicle. <br /> <br /> <i>LExposition Darwin </i> diffuse par lASTS (Association Science, Technologie, Socit) et Futura-sciences a t galement ralise  partir de ses diffrents ouvrages. <br /> <br /> <br /> <center><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>Patrick Tort et l'analyse des complexes discursifs</b></font></center><br />  <br /> Enfant surdou (il nacceptera jamais cette notion), <font color="#259F16">Patrick Tort a acquis trs tt une science exceptionnelle de la langue. Sa prcocit intellectuelle lui valut dtre couvert trs jeune de tous les titres universitaires, couronns par un Doctorat dtat quil soutint  28 ans.</font><br /> <br /> Une quarantaine de livres publis, dont le <b>Dictionnaire du darwinisme et de lvolution</b> lui assurrent ensuite la renomme dun thoricien et dun technicien de la connaissance particulirement intransigeant. <br /> <br /> <font color="#259F16">Philosophe, linguiste, spcialiste de la rencontre des sciences biologiques et humaines, laurat de lAcadmie des Sciences,</font>  il ne se rclame plus aujourdhui que dune seule discipline, celle quil a lui-mme cre il y a plus de vingt ans : <b>lAnalyse des Complexes Discursifs.</b> Une dmarche qui vise  refonder lancienne histoire des systmes de pense. Une thorisation du comportement des discours dans lhistoire, intgrant une rvision profonde des dterminations de la connaissance scientifique.<br /> <br /> Son objectif, ds le dpart, est de russir l o Michel Foucault a chou, pour avoir exclu de son champ un trop grand nombre de matrices thoriques. Avant de produire sa mthodologie, Patrick Tort a tenu  dmontrer l'efficacit de sa mthode  propos dun exemple : le discours tenu au XVIIIe sicle sur lgypte et la Chine quant  lanalogie de leurs premiers systmes dcriture. Le sicle souvre sur le pari philosophique dune volution culturelle sans religion, dont la Chine serait lexemple. Une thse inacceptable pour les historiens chrtiens : elle sous-entend en effet que lhumanit peut se civiliser sans Dieu et sans glise. Afin de la rfuter, ils chafaudent la thse selon laquelle la Chine serait une colonie gyptienne, sappuyant pour cela sur la comparaison des anciens systmes dcriture des deux nations. Une drive paenne,  lgyptienne,  partir dune source commune soumise  la Rvlation, dont la trace doit reparatre sous lopacit aveuglante de la chute historique des peuples gars. Une manire de ractiver le vieux dogme biblique de lorigine unique du peuplement de la Terre, au prix dune immense affabulation archo-historique qui seffondrera sur plusieurs versants  la fois. Lunit dun complexe discursif nest donc ni celle dun thme ni celle dun objet, mais celle, tensionnelle et mouvante, dun enjeu.<br /> <br /> <font color="#259F16">Mon intrt pour Darwin, explique Patrick Tort, participe de cette passion mthodologique qui me fait dire quil est possible et ncessaire de construire une thorie scientifique de la production de pense dans lhistoire  partir de modles ralistes permettant dinterroger la valeur adaptative de toutes les catgories de discours dans des situations donnes. </font>Aujourdhui, il est courant de penser que les grands enjeux politiques et sociaux se sont momentanment assoupis. Il apparat en mme temps que les individus convertissent leur dsarroi face  lvolution  court terme en intrt accru pour lvolution  long terme. Ce qui fait, bien entendu, de la lecture de Darwin un enjeu.<br /> <br /> Le libralisme na retenu du darwinisme que le noyau appauvri de la thorie slective : la survie des plus aptes dans un contexte de lutte pour lexistence et de comptition liminatoire. Or dans la partie anthropologique de son uvre, Darwin chappe  cette logique : la slection conjointe des instincts sociaux (origine de la sympathie et des sentiments moraux) et de la rationalit (institutrice de rgles sociales) la renverse en une dynamique du secours aux faibles et aux moins aptes dans ltat social civilis. <font color="#259F16">La slection produit ainsi lmergence de comportements anti-liminatoires, dont lavantage ne se mesure plus en termes directement individuels et biologiques, mais en termes sociaux.</font><br /> <br /> <b>La cration, en 1998, de lInstitut Charles Darwin International, fond et dirig par Patrick Tort,</b> entend tre notamment une rponse scientifique aux multiples attaques crationnistes ou New Age dont le darwinisme continue  tre la cible auprs dun public assez mal inform des vritables dbats. Convaincu du rle social des chercheurs, <font color="#259F16">Patrick Tort regrette que ceux-ci, trop souvent, ressemblent au facteur qui se contenterait de distribuer le courrier aux seuls employs de la Poste. </font><br /> <br /> Le principe de lInstitut Darwin est dorganiser la rencontre directe du public et des chercheurs. Il a entam lnorme tche de la traduction de luvre complte de Darwin en 35 volumes. Un chantier qui doit stendre sur le premier quart du nouveau sicle ...<br /> <br /> Hugues Royer(Texte publi  loccasion de la remise  Patrick TORT du Prix Philip Morris 2000 dHistoire des Sciences)<br /> <br><br><br><a name="dedicace"></a><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="259F16" class="pablanc" height="15"><tr> <td><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="5" height="1"><b>D&eacute;dicace</b></td></tr></table><br> Un homme de science qui ne sadresse qu ses pairs est comme un facteur qui ne distribuerait le courrier quaux employs de la Poste. <br /> <br /> Juillet 2002<br /> <br /> <br><br><a name="livres"></a><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="259F16" class="pablanc" height="15"><tr><td><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="5" height="1"><b>Bibliographie</b></td></tr></table><br><br><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>SOMMAIRE</b></font><br /> <br /> <b>Cliquez sur le livre pour en savoir plus et dcouvrir....</b><br /> <br /> <li><a href="scientifique.php?id=26&p=6#livres" class="bleu"><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>"La seconde rvolution darwienne "</b></font> - Biologie volutive et thorie de la civilisation</b></font></a></li><br /> <br /> <li><a href="scientifique.php?id=26&p=1#livres" class="bleu"><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>"Fabre - LE MIROIR AUX INSECTES"</b></font></a></li><br /> <br /> <li><a href="scientifique.php?id=26&p=2#livres" class="bleu"><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>"LA FORMATION DE LA TERRE VEGETALE" par laction des vers, avec des observations sur leurs habitudes</b></font></a></li><br /> <br /> <li><a href="scientifique.php?id=26&p=3#livres" class="bleu"><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>"DARWIN ET LA SCIENCE DE L'EVOLUTION"</b></font></a></li><br /> <br /> <li><a href="scientifique.php?id=26&p=4#livres" class="bleu"><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>"LA FILIATION DE LHOMME"</b></font></a></li><br /> <br /> <li><a href="scientifique.php?id=26&p=5#livres" class="bleu"><font face="Tahoma, Arial" size="3" color="#259F16"><b>"BIBLIOGRAPHIE"</b></font></a></li><br /> <br /> en savoir plus : <a href="http://go.to/Darwin-ICDI" target="_blank">http://go.to/Darwin-ICDI</a><br><br><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" bgcolor="259F16" class="pablanc" height="15"><tr> <td><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="5" height="1"><b>Ses articles dans la boutique</b></td></tr></table><br><table border="0" cellpadding="5"><tr><td valign="top"><a href="../../sedetendre/b/article1.php" target="_blank" class="textenoir"><img src="../../sedetendre/b/img/livre_adapt_tort_fabre_mini.jpg" border="0"></a></td><td valign="top" class="textenoir" width="50%"><a href="../../sedetendre/b/article1.php" target="_blank" class="textenoir"><font size="2" color="259F16"><b>Fabre - Le miroir aux insectes</b></font></a><br><br><b>Prix</b> : 37 <br><br><a href="../../sedetendre/b/article1.php" target="_blank"><img src="../includes/img/en_savoir_plus.gif" border="0" width="97" height="16"></a></td><td>&nbsp;</td><td width="50%">&nbsp;</td></tr></table> <br><br></td></tr><tbody> </tbody> </table><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="10" height="5"><br></div></td><td valign=top width="1" background="../includes/img/blank.gif" bgcolor=259F16><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="1" height="1"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" valign="top" height="5"><table width="770" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" height="5"><tr valign="top"> <td width="169" height="2"><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="169" height="5"></td><td height="2"><a href="#top"><img src="../includes/img/fin_cadre4.gif" width="601" height="15" border="0"></a></td></tr></table></td></tr></table><img src="../includes/img/blank.gif" width="10" height="10"><br><script language="JavaScript"> <!--   // Affichage pour crans suprieurs ou gaux  1024 px de largeur   if (screen.width >= 1024)   {   document.write ('<td width="25"><img height=1 src="http://www.futura-sciences.com/homepage/img/blank.gif" width=25 border=0></td><td width="160" valign="top"><IFRAME NAME=droite WIDTH=160 HEIGHT=750 FRAMEBORDER=no SCROLLING=no SRC="../decouvrir_cd.php"></IFRAME></td><td width="100%">&nbsp;</td>'); 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