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Polytechnique<br> Un grand bond en avant</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/brais.php">Le soutien &agrave; la recherche &agrave;                    Polytechnique</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/aubin.php">La chirurgie assist&eacute;e par ordinateur</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/aubetin-deschen-sansom.php">M&eacute;decins de l'environnement                    pour l'industrie</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/desjardins.php">Les usines nanotechnologiques</a><br>                   <a href="../rc/garon.php"><br>                   Le coeur sans pouls</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/samuel.php">Un monde plus en plus mobile</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/soumis.php">Le m&eacute;tro de Tokyo roule avec ...</a><br>                   <br>                   <a href="../rc/trochu.php">Mat&eacute;riaux &agrave; m&eacute;moire                    de forme et fabrication des composites par injection</a> <br><br>                   <!-- #BeginEditable "liens" -->                      &nbsp;                                        <!-- #EndEditable -->                    <p><span class="b"><a href="brcdt.php">B.R.C.D.T.</a></span><br>                     <span class="b">T&eacute;l&eacute;phone</span><br>                     (514) 340-4720<br>                     <span class="b">T&eacute;l&eacute;copieur</span><br>                     (514) 340-5871<br>                     <a href="mailto:brcdt@polymtl.ca">brcdt@polymtl.ca</a><br>                     <br>                     <a href="http://www.polymtl.ca/bottin/service.php?id=15">Bottin                      t&eacute;l&eacute;phonique</a> </p>                 </td>               </tr>             </table>           </td>           <td valign="top" align="right" rowspan="3" width="18" ><img src="../img/spacer.gif" width="18"></td>           <td valign="top" colspan="3" width="542"><!-- #BeginEditable "contenu" --><img src="../img/aubin-06.gif" width="542" height="15"><!-- #EndEditable --></td>         </tr>         <tr>            <td valign="top" align="left" width="74">&nbsp;</td>           <td valign="top" rowspan="2" width="10"><img src="../img/spacer.gif" width="10" height="1"></td>           <td valign="top" align="left">&nbsp;</td>         </tr>         <tr>            <td valign="top" align="left" width="74"><!-- #BeginEditable "image2" --><img src="../img/aubin-10.gif" width="71" height="13"><!-- #EndEditable --></td>           <td valign="top" align="left" width="458"><!-- #BeginEditable "contenu2" -->             <p>Voici bien des ann&eacute;es que les ing&eacute;nieurs disposent                de leur CAO (conception assist&eacute;e par ordinateur). Les analystes                financiers, &agrave; l&#146;aide d&#146;un logiciel comme Excel,                ont eux aussi leur CAO (chiffriers assist&eacute;s par<br>               ordinateur). M&ecirc;me les gens de cin&eacute;ma disposent de leur                CAO (composition assist&eacute;e par ordinateur). Pourquoi les chirurgiens                n&#146;auraient-ils par leur syst&egrave;me de chirurgie assist&eacute;e                par ordinateur ?<br>               <br>               C&#146;est ce que le professeur Carl-&Eacute;ric Aubin, du D&eacute;partement                de g&eacute;nie m&eacute;canique, s&#146;appr&ecirc;te &agrave;                leur fournir. Soutenu par une &eacute;quipe d&#146;une trentaine                de professeurs, d&#146;assistants de recherche et d&#146;&eacute;tudiants                aux cycles sup&eacute;rieurs, ce professeur agr&eacute;g&eacute;,                titulaire de la Chaire de recherche du Canada Innovations CAO en                g&eacute;nie orthop&eacute;dique, devrait transformer de fond en                comble la pratique orthop&eacute;dique. &laquo; On d&eacute;veloppe                des mod&egrave;les num&eacute;riques du corps humain avec lesquels                on peut simuler la chirurgie m&eacute;dicale &raquo;, dit le chercheur.<br>               <br>               &Agrave; partir de seulement trois radiographies, les syst&egrave;mes                de CAO de l&#146;&eacute;quipe du Pr Aubin peuvent cr&eacute;er                un mod&egrave;le 3D de la colonne vert&eacute;brale du patient,                mod&egrave;le dont les &eacute;carts de la r&eacute;alit&eacute;                ne sont en moyenne que de 2,6 millim&egrave;tres. &Agrave; partir                de ce mod&egrave;le, le chirurgien peut simuler son op&eacute;ration                &agrave; venir. Veut-il imprimer &agrave; une colonne d&eacute;form&eacute;e                une forme id&eacute;ale, il peut demander au logiciel de lui proposer                les points sur la colonne o&ugrave; il devra exercer des contraintes.<br>               Le chirurgien peut &eacute;galement explorer, par exemple, quels                effets produirait l&#146;application de pressions diff&eacute;rentes.<br>               <br>               &laquo; Pour l&#146;instant, indique le Pr Aubin, on peut simuler                les effets &agrave; court<br>               terme d&#146;une intervention. &raquo; Mais son &eacute;quipe &#156;uvre                &agrave; int&eacute;grer dans le syst&egrave;me des informations                sur la croissance des os et des tissus, de fa&ccedil;on &agrave;                rendre compte des effets &agrave; long terme d&#146;une chirurgie                ou d&#146;une correction par corset.<br>               <br>               Une autre r&eacute;alisation que le chercheur a men&eacute;e en                collaboration avec des m&eacute;decins et des chercheurs tient &agrave;                une salle d&#146;op&eacute;ration futuriste implant&eacute;e &agrave;                l&#146;h&ocirc;pital Sainte-Justine, de Montr&eacute;al. La salle                est remplie de syst&egrave;mes de supervision, comme des capteurs                opto-&eacute;lectroniques et &agrave; champs &eacute;lectromagn&eacute;tiques,                et des cam&eacute;ras. Tous ces syst&egrave;mes, reli&eacute;s aux                logiciels mis au point par l&#146;&eacute;quipe du Pr Aubin, donnent                une r&eacute;tro-action en temps r&eacute;el au chirurgien sur le                d&eacute;roulement de l&#146;op&eacute;ration. Une vis que le chirurgien                veut fixer &agrave; la colonne risque-t-elle de toucher la moelle                &eacute;pini&egrave;re, une pression exerc&eacute;e &agrave; un                endroit entra&icirc;ne-t-elle une l&eacute;g&egrave;re d&eacute;formation                ailleurs, le m&eacute;decin est aussit&ocirc;t inform&eacute; en                cours d&#146;op&eacute;ration.<br>               <br>               &laquo; On a appris avec nos mod&egrave;les &agrave; mieux intervenir,                mais on n&#146;a pas encore trait&eacute; de patients &raquo;, confie                le chercheur. Ce grand jour ne saurait tarder.</p>             <p>&nbsp;</p>             <!-- #EndEditable --></td>         </tr>       </table>     </td>   </tr>   <tr>      <td colspan="2">        <!-- ce fragment constitue le pied de page gnral du site --> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">           <tr>                   <td width="107" valign="bottom"><img src="http://www.ressources.polymtl.ca/img/poly.gif" width="86" height="41" vspace="10" hspace="20"></td>             <td valign="bottom" class="basdepage" align="left" width="433">                       <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" height="32" align="center">         <tr>            <td width="50%" class="basdepage">&copy; &Eacute;cole Polytechnique              de Montr&eacute;al<br>Modifi le:  11-03-2003 </td>           <td width="50%" align="left" class="basdepage">             <div align="center"><a href="http://www.polymtl.ca/outils/outils/webmestre.php?url=www.polymtl.ca/recherche/rc/aubin.php" target="_blank" class="textgauche">Contacter             le Webmestre</a> </div>           </td>         </tr>       </table>             </td>                  <td width="200" valign="bottom"><img src="http://www.ressources.polymtl.ca/img/poly-haut.gif" width="200" height="88" usemap="#Maphaut" border="0"><map name="Maphaut">            <area shape="rect" coords="163,69,198,80" href="#top" alt="Retour vers le haut de la page" title="Retour vers le haut de la page">         </map> </td>           </tr>         </table>              <map name="Map">          <area shape="rect" coords="163,69,198,80" href="#top" alt="Retour vers le haut de la page" title="Retour vers le haut de la page">       </map>     </td>   </tr> </table> </body> <!-- #EndTemplate --></html>  
